Gyratory crusher and liner and mantle therefor



H. M. ZOERB April 21, 1953 GYRATORY CRUSHER AND LINER AND MANTLE THEREFOR 3 Sheets-Sheet l Filed Jan. 8, 1951 7 m H ilnlw wm N@ w mw I u mwa \h. .sw ...WHHHH mv N mw QW l IIII Sw M i s Q n Wh. @Rax Wx bu QlkWL Q uw April 21, 1953 H. M. zot-:RB 2,635,818

GYRAToRY cRusHER AND LINER A A T Filed Jan. 8, 1951 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 lge f4 /fa 'fill/ll W/ /f n Ine/772.40?" .fg-award jf; Zoer Patented pr. 21, 1953 GYRATORY CRUSHER AND LINER AND MANTLE THEREFOR Howard M. Zoerb, Milwaukee, Wis., assigner to N ordberg Manufacturing Company, Milwaukee, Wis., a corporation of Wisconsin Application January 8, 1951, Serial No. 204,896 y My invention relates to an improved crusher of the gyratory type, and has for one purpose to provide an improved crushing method.

Another purpose is to provide an improved method of wet crushing.

Another purpose is to provide an improved method of controlling the feed through the crushing cavity.

Another purpose is to provide an improved formation of contours of crushing cavities.

Another purpose is to provide an improved bowl liner or concave ring.

Another purpose is to provide an improved mantle for the head of a crusher.

Another purpose is to provide improved means for controlling, by delay or interruption, the passage through the crushing zone of particles undergoing crushing.

l Another purpose is to provide improved means for controlling and limiting the feed or movement of particles through the crushing zone.

Another purpose is to provide improved multipiece bowl liners and mantles for the bowl and head respectively of gyratory Crushers of the type in which the bowl overhangs the head.

` Another purpose is to provide an improved multi-piece mantle for use on the head of a gyratory crusher.

Another purpose is to provide an improved multi-piece liner for the overhanging bowl of a gyratory crusher.

Another purpose is to provide associated op-4 posable pairs of wearing parts for cooperative use with a generally conic head and an overlying bowl of a gyratory crusher.

Another purpose is to provide a multi-piece mantle for the head of such a Crusher in which an upper part of a lower mantle element extends outwardly beyond the lower part of the mantle element next above it.

Another purpose is to provide a crusher assembly adapted for wet crushing.

Another purpose is to provide a head assembly adapted for wet crushing.

Other purposes will appear from time to time in the course of the specication and claims.

The present application is a continuation-inpart of my application Serial No. 766,067, now abandoned, led in the United States Patent Ofce August 4, 1947, for Crusher and Crushing Members Therefor.

My invention is illustrated more or less diagrammatically in the Aaccompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 is a vertical section illustrating a typ- 2 Claims. (Cl. 241-207) 2 ical liner and mantle elements in position in a gyratory crusher;

Figure 2 is a vertical section 4of a variant form taken through the crushingI cavity, illustratingv parts of the head' and overhanging bowl and illustrating ,a multi-piece liner applied to the bowl and a multi-piece mantle applied. to the head;

Figure 3 is a similar view of another variant form illustrating single piece liners and mantles, with the crushing members at their closest approach; and

Figures 4 and 5 illustrate a further variation,

in which one-piece liners and mantles are illustrated contoured Substantially like the multipiece liners and mantles of Figure 2, Figure 4 illustrating the parts at their closest approach and Figure 5 illustrating them at their maximum recession.

Like parts `are. indicated by like symbols throughout the specication and drawings.

Referring to the drawings, I generally illustrates the circumferential main frame wall of a gyratorycrusher. The details of the main frame are not completely shown and do not of themselves form part of the present invention. I illustrate, however, an upper, outwardly extending circumferential flange 2` which receives a bowl supporting adjustment ring 3, the opposed parts having conforming conic, outer surfaces: 4 and inner surfaces 5. 6 indicates any suitable means for maintaining the bowl supporting ring 3 normally seated in the position in which it is shown in Figure 1. The securing means may for example be constituted by a plurality of pins extending downwardly through coiled springs 'I and provided at their lower ends with any suitable abutment, not herein shown, the springs 'I being compressed between the abutment or abutments at the lower ends of the pins 6 and any suitable abutment member 8 positioned below the flange 2.

`The bowl supporting or adjustment ring 3 is shown as provided with inner threads 9 which receive exterior threads Ill on the bowl structure generally indicated at II. l2 is a bowl liner or concave ring which may be suitably secured within the bowl or upper shell II, against an upward and inward conic portion thereof indicated at I Ia. l'.. illustrate, for example, hookshaped lugs I3 whichextend through apertures IIb and are` engagedby U-bolts I4. The precise form of the bowl liner or concave ring I2 will later be discussed, but in Figure 1, I illustrate it as serving to position at its upper edge a supplemental separate upper ring element I2a. I5 is any suitable conic feed receiving hopper or guide suitably mounted on the upper portion of the bowl structure I I.

indicates a crusher shaft which may be gyrated by the rotation of a surrounding eccentrically .apertured sleeve 2I'. The sleeve carries at its upper end the gear 22 in mesh with any suitable gear 23 on any suitable drive shaft 23a. In response to the rotation of the eccentrically apertured sleeve 2|, the shaft 20 is gyrated about the center marked X in Figure 1. The shaft 20 is shown as having an upper portion 24 which receives the Crusher head25. The head 25 has a downwardlyY .convex spherical bearing surface 26 shown as received in a suitable conforming bearing member or plate 2'!- on the cover portion 28, which overlies and' assists in housing the gear 22. It is shown as .seated on an upward extension or central portion 29 of the main frame. Any -suitable adjustable sealing portions, generally indicated atl 30 and 3l, are employed to prevent the :entry of dust. isa feed plate support carrying a feedplate, not herein shown. The member 35 rests upon an upwardly extending sleeve 38 `and is secured to it by screws 39. The sleeve 38 is shown assecured to the top of the head 25 by screws 40. As shown in Figure 1, theY sleeve 38 .has a lower outwardly extending lannular portion 4t, exteriorly screwthreadedtas at 42 to receive a suitable mantle locking ring 43. This ring presses downwardly against the mantle structure. I illustrate for example a lower mantle .member 45 and an upper `mantle member or thrust member 46, which engages and receives the downward thrust of the mantle locking ring 43. It will be noted that the upper edge or surface 45a, of the mantle 45 extends upwardly and outwardly in general perpendicularity to the outer face of the head 25. It extends rsubstantially upwardly and youtwardly beyond the ,lower -edge of the upper .mantle member or thrust member 46. The surface 45a thus denes a circumferentially .extending trough or surface which is lusable in. dry crushing and is advantageous inwet. crushing.

It will be noted also that the upper member 46 is outwardly somewhat extended .at its top as at 46a, providing. a circumferential thickened portion which increases the area of contact with` the ring or nut 43. It will also be Ynoted that` when the parts are at their closest approach, as at the left-hand side of Figure 1, the inclined surface I2b of the member I2 is above the vsurface 45a of the member 45,. there being a definite relationship between the circumferential trough.

and the overlying bowl Vliner surface.

In the normal use of the device, the material to be crushed is fed' to the top of any suitable feed distributing plate which may be mounted on or form part of the member `35. Any suitable feed limiting or guiding means may be employed. I may, for example, employ afeed spout, not herein shown, which is adjustable generally vertically toward and away from the central portion ofthe member 35 or of the feed plate supported thereon. As the head and feed plate are gyrated by the rotation of the eccentrically apertured sleeve 2'I, the material is delivered over the outer edge of the feed plate and drops upon the hopper member I5 and is arrested thereby. The material then slides downwardly `and inwardly across the hopper member I5 and .is arrested by the cover member 44 or the ring 43. From that point, and without initial velocity,

the particles move into the crushing cavity delined between the normally fixed bowl liner structure I2, I2a and the gyrated upper mantle portion 46. The space thus provided by the maximum clearance between the members I2 and 46 serves as an initial receiving zone where the particles` receive an initial crushing nip. They are there held or arrested by the conformation of the members 45 and 46 and thereafter, without any initial velocity, the particles pass into the crushing space between the members I2 Vand 45. They then receive one or more additional crushing nips in response to the gyration :of the head 25, and finally pass from the .crushing cavity.

Where the device is employed in wet crushing the surface 45a,` in effect, defines a circumferentially extending' gutter or trough or launder which receives and tends to hold back the mixture of wet particles and water.

It will be understood that in the event of packing or ofV the presence of uncrushable material in the crushing zone between the opposed liner and mantle, the springs 1, at the side vof the crusher where the uncrushable material is located, will compress and the ring 3 will tilt upwardly, moving with it the otherwise normally fixed bowl structure.

It will also be understood that I so set the speedr of the Crusher in relation to the length of gyration of the head toward and away from the overlying bowl, as to permit the material undergoing crushing .to fall freely gravitally downwardly away from the overhanging face of the bowl after eachl crushing nip. That is to say, themovement of the head and mantle structure, when it recedes from the bowl structure, is faster than the acceleration by gravity of the crushed particles. They therefore fall freely until they are again caught by or strike the mantle and are moved by it against the liner for an ensuing crushing nip.

In considering in detail the contour of the crushing cavity of Figure 1, it will be seen thatr I employ a two-piece liner I2, I2a, and a twopiece mantle 45, 46. The result is a substantial saving of metal, since that part of the liner or mantle Vwhich wears most rapidly can be replaced without the necessity of replacing the rest of the structure.

In Figure 2, I illustrate a variant form of contouring of a crushing cavity. A lower bowl liner' member 62 holds an upper bowl liner member 62a in position. The lower member has an initial generally upright surface 62h which merges with a downwardly and outwardly inclined intermediate crushing surface 62o. The intermediate crushing surface merges, in turn, with a lower and more erect crushing surface 62d. It finally merges with the lowest inclined or conic crushing surface 621. Thus, I provide three conic crushing surfaces at 62a, '62o and 621, which preferably are at substantially the same angle, and which more closely approach the opposed head progressively downwardly toward the discharge end of the crushing cavity.

The mantle structure I illustrate has a multipiece' series of rings, the lowest of which. is indicated at 65, with its outer crushing surface 65a andY its upper surface 65h. This surface65b, like the surface 45a of the member 45 in Figure l, is generally perpendicular to the surf-ace of the head and, in connection with the ring 66 next above, provides a circumferentially extending trough or gutter. which is inwardly bounded by the surface 66a of the substantially thinner ring4 66. The difference in thickness of the members 65 and 66 thus formsl a gutter or trough or launder. Similarly, the upper mantle ring 6l is of substantially less thickness than the intermediate ring 66 and the upper surface 6522 of the member 65 defines with it an upper gutter or trough or launder. It will also be observed that the intermediate surface 62h of the liner is aligned above and with the upper trough of the mantle, whileV the intermediateV surface GZd of the liner is aligned with and above the lower trough of the mantle. The structure of Figure 2 therefore differs from the structure of Figure 1 in providing two zones of stoppage or zones of delay, and in providing two circumferential extending troughs to receive the wet product, Where a wet crushing method is used.

A similar relationship of parts appears in the form of Figures 4 and 5, which illustrate singlepiece liners and mantles having substantially the same contouring as the multi-piece liner and mantle of Figure 2. In the form of Figures 4 and 5, the one-piece mantle H2 overlies a onepiece mantle |45. The lower parts of the liner and mantle have opposed conic crushing surfaces l|2a and |45a. The gutter surface i451: is aligned beneath the generally upright intermediate crushing surface I 12b. The upper gutter surface Iid is vertically aligned beneath the generally upright crushing surface H21). The intermediate conic surface l I2C is opposed to and overhangs the intermediate conic surface 145e. The upper conic surface 145e is aligned beneath the upper conic surface |I2e. The mantle is outwardly somewhat thickened at its upper edge as at l45f. It operates substantially the same as the structure of Figure 2, but where singlepiece mantles and liners are preferred, the structure `of Figures 4 and 5 may be employed in place of the multi-piece liner and mantle of Figure 2.

Figure 3 illustrates a single-piece liner and mantle contoured substantially like the multipiece liner and mantle of Figure 1. An overhanging one-piece liner 12 cooperates with a one-piece mantle 15. The surface 15a defines an upper pocket or circumferential feed limiting and feed delaying space vertically aligned beneath the upper and more or less upright crushing surface 12a. The conic crushing surfaces '12b and 15b are directly opposed.

It will be realized that whereas I have described and claimed a practical and operative device and method, nevertheless many changes may be made in method steps and in size, shape, number and disposition of apparatus parts. I therefore wish my description and drawings to be taken as in a broad sense illustrative or diagrammatic rather than as limiting me to my precise disclosure herein.

The use and operation of my invention are as follows:

I provide a crusher which, in the forms of Figures 2, 4 and 5, employs multiple zones o1' steps. The length of each zone determines the maximum one-way dimension of any particle in that zone, thereby establishing the degree of crushing in each zone. In Figures 1 and 3, I illustrate a crusher in which the upper part of the crushing cavity constitutes a single circumferential feed stopping or arresting or sizing zone. In all forms, it is of critical importance to have each step or launder or trough of the mantle vertically aligned with an outer step or nare of the liner. I provide, in effect, in the form of Figures 1 and 3, an enlarged annular crushing space divided into two parts, the upper part or circumferential pocket being of greater diameter than the lower, the top of the lower part serving as an actual dam, or impediment, or delaying means to the particles on their `way into the lower cavity. I thereby maintain a constant control or crushing action by a zone of feed limitation or feed delay which forms part of the overall crushing zone. I provide what may be described as a plurality of recesses, or as a recess within a recess. In I'the form of Figures 2, 4 and 5, I have two circumferentially extending steps or recesses or pockets. It will be understood that, under some circumstances, I may even wish to have a larger number of recesses or steps. But each recess or pocket or step provides a stoppage and includes a feed limiting ledge or gutter or trough or launder which delays the feed through the crushing cavity as a whole. These troughs, bounded by upwardly and outwardly inclined walls, are particularly useful in wet crushing.

In practice, the employment of bowl liners and mantles of the forms herein shown, whether they are multi-piece or single-piece, produces an increased crushing capacity and an evener size of product in connection with a smoother operation of the crusher, due to reduction control. There is also a significant saving in metal, as the contours I employ provide wearing parts which in practice wear down more slowly than those heretofore used. I have the further advantage, in my multi-piece forms, that the parts of the liner and mantle which wear most rapidly can be discarded and replaced, While the more slowly wearing parts may be kept in service.

Iclaim:

1. In a pair of opposed cooperating wearing elements for the bowl and head of a gyl'tOIY crusher of a type employable in Wet crushing, a mantle formed and adapted to be mounted on the head of the crusher, the mantle having at least two conic crushing faces of substantially the same angularity .with respect to the axis of the mantle, the adjacent faces being connected by an upwardly exposed, upwardly and outwardly extending surface, said outwardly extending surface being generally perpendicular to the face of the head to which the mantle is to be applied, and formed and adapted to dene a circumferentially extending gutter. said gutter having a circumferential outside lip lying in a plane substantially above the plane of the lower, inner part of the gutter, and a liner formed and adapted to be mounted in the bowl of the crusher, the liner having the same number of generally conic crushing faces as are on the mantle, each face being of substantially the same angularity with respect to the axis of the liner, each adjacent pair of crushing faces being connected by a generally upright intermediate surface, generally vertically aligned with one of the circumferentially extending gutters on the mantle.

2. In a pair of opposed cooperating wearing elements for the bowl and head of a gyratory crusher of a type employable in Wet crushing, a mantle formed and adapted to be mounted on the head of the crusher, the mantle having at least two conic crushing faces of substantially the same angularity with respect to the axis of the mantle, the adjacent faces being connected by an upwardly exposed, upwardly and outupper piece being at yleast at its lower edge of substantially less vradial thickness than they upper surface of the piece next below, whereby a 8 next lower piece .extends outwardly beyond the lowerzedge ofthe abutting-uppervpiece.

HOWARD M. ZOERB.

References' Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date y y l 1,552,458 Symons Sept. 8',l 1925 10 2,254,425 Fahrenwald- Sept. 2, 1941 FOREIGN PATENTS- Number Y Country Date .555,353 Germany July '22, 1932 656,857 Germany v Feb. 17', 1.938` 

